- Shipper
- The one who hands the cargo to the carrier under a carriage contract and, unless the contract says otherwise, draws up the consignment note.
- Carrier
- A company or sole proprietor that delivers cargo under a carriage contract and is responsible for its safety from acceptance to delivery.
- Forwarder
- A company or sole proprietor that organises the carriage of someone else's cargo under a freight forwarding contract and is responsible to the client for the engaged carriers.
- Electronic consignment note
- A consignment note in the form of an electronic document with the participants' electronic signatures. From 1 September 2026 — the main form of the consignment note.
- ETrN
- GIS EPD
- The state information system of electronic transport documents: ETrNs, orders, requests and forwarding documents go into it through operators.
- EPD
- GosLog
- The national digital transport and logistics platform: the register of forwarders is kept on it, and from 2027 — the register of carriers.
- Register of forwarders
- The register of notifications on transport and forwarding activity. The right to forward arises from the day of the entry in it.
- Double brokerage
- Reselling a carriage request to another contractor without the cargo owner's knowledge — often in a chain, through a messenger. The cargo disappears at the last link.
- A nominee director
- A person who is listed as the head but does not manage the company. A mass head is listed as the director of many companies at once.
- Due diligence
- Checking a counterparty before a deal: whether it exists, whether it can do the work and whether the signatory is authorised. It affects whether the tax authority recognises expenses and deductions.
- A technical carrier
- A company that is listed as the carrier in the documents but does not carry itself: it has no vehicles, drivers or expenses. The tax authority does not recognise expenses and the deduction for such carriage.
- Actual value of the cargo
- The value by the price in the contract or the seller's invoice, and without it — by the average price of a similar item. By it the forwarder compensates a lost cargo without a declared value.