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Deepfake protection in identity verification

A fraudster shows the camera a photo, a screen with a video, a mask or a face replaced by a neural network in real time. NeuroVision checks live presence (Liveness), looks for signs of generation and face swapping on the selfie and for filming from a screen, and matches the face between the steps of a single session. The widget captures only with the camera — a ready-made file cannot be uploaded to it.

Face check in the NeuroVision widget: Liveness passed, no deepfake signs

Face check within a single KYC session

3 layers Liveness, deepfake signs on the selfie, face matching within the session
0 file uploads in the widget: the selfie and Liveness are camera-only
up to 1 min a check with Liveness; document and selfie take seconds
from 29 ₽ per "Document + liveness" session
Liveness mode — in the scenario Result in the API and the personal account Cloud or your own perimeter

The price follows the price matrix on the publication date. The time of a check with Liveness depends on how quickly the user completes the tasks

Three classes of attacks on a face check: presentation, injection and deepfake

A presentation attack is shown to the camera: a photo, a screen, a mask. An injection bypasses the camera: a virtual camera or an emulator feeds the check a ready-made video. A deepfake is about the content of the frame: a face generated or replaced by a neural network. It can be shown from a screen or delivered by injection — which is why several layers work against it at once.

  • Photo and printout

    The cheapest attack: a printed photo, a picture from social media, a photograph on a second phone. They have no depth or live movement, and a printout shows signs of being a copy.

    What covers it:

    • Presentation
    • Liveness
    • Signs of a copy on the selfie
  • Screen and video replay

    A recording of someone else's face is played on a tablet or monitor in front of the camera (replay), sometimes with blinking and head turns. Liveness does not accept a screen with a video, and the selfie check looks for signs of filming from a screen and from a mobile device.

    What covers it:

    • Presentation
    • Liveness
    • Screen capture
  • Masks and 3D models

    Paper, cardboard and silicone masks, three-dimensional head models. This is more expensive and rarer, but these are designed to pass the face's "volume". According to the documentation, Liveness rejects an attempt to pass the check wearing a mask.

    What covers it:

    • Presentation
    • Liveness
  • Virtual camera and video stream substitution

    A program replaces the device's camera, and the check receives a pre-prepared or generated video. There may be nobody in front of the lens at all. The widget's restrictions and controls on your side (the block below) work against such attacks. More in the article «How the video stream is substituted in KYC».

    What covers it:

    • Injection
    • Widget
    • Your side
  • Emulators and environment substitution

    The check is passed not on a real phone but in an emulator or on a device with a modified system — this way the attack can be repeated hundreds of times. The number of attempts and the session lifetime are limited, and the same face with different data is visible in the session history.

    What covers it:

    • Injection
    • Session limits
    • History
  • Deepfake: real-time face swap

    A neural network overlays someone else's face on the fraudster's face right in the video (face swap) or generates the entire face. Such a frame is checked by three layers at once: Liveness, the search for signs of generation and face swapping on the selfie, and face matching between the steps of the session.

    What covers it:

    • Digital forgery
    • Deepfake signs
    • Face matching

What NeuroVision checks at the selfie and Liveness steps

Protection against face substitution is not a single model but several checks in one session. Each covers its own class of attacks, and passing one does not replace the others. The set of steps and checks is defined in the scenario without developers.

Liveness check in the widget: a live person, recording of the check enabled

Whether a live person is in front of the camera

The user takes the check in the widget, and the system analyses a series of frames: movement, texture, artefacts. A photo, an on-screen recording and a mask are not accepted — the session receives the refusal "The image did not pass the Liveness check", and the user can try again.

Video stream substitution: what the widget covers and what remains on your side

  • Camera only, no file upload

    In the widget it is not possible to pick a ready-made photo or video from the gallery: the selfie and Liveness are captured by the camera at the moment of the check. Ready-made images are accepted only by the REST API — your server sends them, and you control that channel yourself.

  • HTTPS and allowed domains only

    The widget runs only on secure pages and only on the domains listed in the personal account. It is not possible to embed your check into a third-party intermediary site and push a prepared stream through it.

  • Short session lifetime and attempt limit

    The session lifetime is set in the scenario — from 15 minutes to 6 hours — and the number of attempts is limited. A "working" deepfake cannot be found by trial and error within one session: once the attempts are used up, a new one is needed.

  • Recording of the Liveness check

    In the scenario you can enable video recording of the Liveness check. A disputed or suspicious session is reviewed by the security team from the recording rather than from a single frame.

On your side: open the check in the system browser or in the WebView of your application, do not accept selfies from other channels, and compare the device and network with the user's usual behaviour.
How virtual cameras, emulators and camera call interception work — in the article «How the video stream is substituted in KYC».

Active or passive Liveness: which to choose for your scenario

The mode is set in the scenario and changed without development. The choice is a trade-off between protection and how many users get to the end of the check.

  • Active: the user performs tasks

    The widget asks the user to turn their head, look at a point or perform a sequence of movements. The system checks that the commands were carried out by a live person at the moment of capture. A pre-recorded video has a harder time guessing the order of the tasks.

  • Passive: no explicit tasks

    One or several frames are enough: the user simply looks at the camera, and the system looks for signs of live presence itself. Fewer refusals on weak devices and among those who find it hard to perform movements. How the modes work and what the standard says about them — in the article «Liveness Detection: what it is and how the liveness check works».

  • What to choose by risk level

    For issuing a loan, withdrawing money, restoring access and changing a phone number — active mode and face matching between steps. For sign-up with low limits you can start with passive and strengthen the check at the first signals.

  • When you can do without Liveness

    A scenario can consist of documents only. In that case it is not confirmed that the document is presented by its owner, and there is no protection against deepfakes at all. This makes sense only at low risk.

How a deepfake is detected in KYC: the face check step by step

A typical "document + selfie + Liveness" scenario. Steps can be reordered and disabled in the scenario editor. How the whole onboarding process works — on the page «Digital customer onboarding»

Step 1

Document: owner's photo and anti-fraud

The user photographs a passport or another document with the camera. The system recognises the fields and checks for signs of forgery: a screen, a copy, editing, a pasted-in photo. The owner's photo from the document is saved for matching at the following steps.

Document recognised, no signs of forgery
Step 2

Selfie: deepfake and screen signs

The selfie is checked for signs of face generation and swapping, filming from a screen or phone, a photocopy and a cropped frame. This is where generated faces and photos of another person from a monitor are filtered out.

Selfie checked for deepfake signs and filming from a screen
Step 3

Liveness: a live person at the moment of the check

The user takes Liveness in the mode set in the scenario. A photo, a video from a screen and a mask are not accepted. Video recording of the check can be enabled on request.

A user takes Liveness in the widget
Step 4

Face matching and decision

The faces from Liveness, the selfie and the document are compared in pairs. Different people in Liveness and on the selfie — the status is "suspicious" and the session is closed. The result reaches your server by webhook and is visible in the personal account; the decision about the customer is made by your service.

KYC session result after face matching

ISO/IEC 30107-3: how resistance to presentation attacks is measured

How to read a test report

ISO/IEC 30107-3 terms

  • 01

    What the standard measures

    The ISO/IEC 30107 series describes biometric presentation attack detection (PAD), and its part 3 describes how to test such systems and how to report the result. The tester prepares a set of attacks of varying complexity — from a printout to a mask — and counts two errors: how many attacks the system took for a live face and how many live people it rejected. In Russia the national version of part 3 is in force — GOST R 58624.3-2019.

  • 02

    What the standard does not cover

    ISO/IEC 30107-3 concerns attacks that are shown to the camera. Video stream injections are not part of it: Europe has adopted a separate specification for them, CEN/TS 18099, and the international standard ISO/IEC 25456 is under development. If a vendor refers to test results, find out the laboratory, the set of attacks, the date and the algorithm version — and remember that a laboratory result does not replace control over the real stream.

  • APCER share of attacks accepted as a live face
  • BPCER share of genuine users rejected as an attack
  • GOST R 58624.3 national version of ISO/IEC 30107-3

Where deepfakes hit business: onboarding, access recovery, remote hiring

A fraudster needs face substitution where, after the check, access to money, an account or a job opens up. In these scenarios Liveness and the selfie check are placed at the step after which a mistake costs the most.

  • Onboarding in banks, microfinance organisations and fintech

    • Someone else's face with a real or lost passport — to get a loan, open a wallet for a money mule or bypass limits.
    • Liveness and face matching before money is issued; database checks are separate. Solutions for financial organisations
  • Access recovery and phone number change

    • Account takeover: a fraudster with a deepfake of the owner asks to reset the password, change the phone or link a new device.
    • A repeat check with face matching against the customer's reference session. How to run a repeat KYC
  • Remote hiring and employee onboarding

    • One person turns up for the interview and another will do the work — or an entirely generated candidate, in order to get access to systems.
    • A document and face check via a KYC link before onboarding and issuing access. Checking candidates against databases
  • Contractor and courier platforms

    • One person registers the account and another carries out the orders, who has no right to work or no clearance.
    • Liveness at registration and again — before payouts or going on shift. Self-employed and freelancers
  • Car sharing and rental

    • The licence and selfie belong to the account owner, while the one behind the wheel is a person to whom the account was handed or sold.
    • Liveness at registration and face matching with the photo in the licence. Driver checks for car sharing
  • Marketplaces and classifieds

    • One-day sellers register shops using other people's documents and faces in order to collect prepayments and disappear.
    • Document, selfie and Liveness when a seller is onboarded. Marketplace seller checks

Deepfakes and the law: biometrics, the Unified Biometric System, fraud and draft laws

There is no separate law on deepfakes in Russia as of October 2026. For a face check, something else matters more: the rules for processing biometrics, the role of the Unified Biometric System and how fraud involving identity substitution is classified. Below is a guide for a conversation with a lawyer.

  • Organisations, sole traders and notaries are prohibited from collecting and storing, in their own information systems, biometric data used for identification, except collection for placement in the Unified Biometric System; and from collecting and processing it for authentication — except matching against the Unified Biometric System (paras 1–2, part 1, Art. 15 of 572‑FZ) Law
  • Whether Liveness and face comparison in your scenario fall under the prohibition depends on the purpose of processing and the type of activity. This needs to be decided before launch Ask your lawyer

  • Remote identification of an individual customer without personal presence under 115‑FZ goes through the state services portal (ESIA) and the Unified Biometric System. This is a state perimeter Law
  • NeuroVision is not connected to the Unified Biometric System and does not identify customers in its place. Liveness and the selfie check help to make sure that the document is presented by a live person and not a forgery NeuroVision

  • A deepfake is not a separate offence in itself: theft with its help is classified as fraud (Art. 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), including fraud with electronic means of payment (Art. 159.3) or in the sphere of computer information (Art. 159.6) Law
  • The fraudster bears the liability. For a bank or a service the question is different: whether it fulfilled its obligations to check the customer and who will compensate the damage Ask your lawyer

  • No. 718538-8 (September 2024): an aggravating feature — the use of an image or voice, including artificially created ones, and of biometric data — in Arts 159, 159.6 and other articles of the Criminal Code. Not adopted as of October 2026 Draft law
  • No. 1288702-8 (July 2026): the use of AI-created materials imitating a person's appearance, voice or statements is an aggravating circumstance (Art. 63 of the Criminal Code). Referred to the relevant committee, not adopted Draft law
  • Mandatory labelling of AI-created content and liability for its absence are under discussion. The status of the initiatives changes — check on sozd.duma.gov.ru Draft lawAsk your lawyer

  • A citizen's image may be published and used only with their consent (Art. 152.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). A deepfake with someone else's face violates this right regardless of whether the fraud succeeded Law
  • This is a guide for a conversation with a lawyer, not a legal opinion. The summary of the rules is as of October 2026; check the current wording and the status of draft laws in ConsultantPlus and on sozd.duma.gov.ru. How the Unified Biometric System works — in the article «The Unified Biometric System: what it is».

Limits of protection: what NeuroVision's face check does not do

  • Does not identify in place of the Unified Biometric System

    Liveness and the selfie check do not replace remote identification through the state services portal and the Unified Biometric System where the law requires it. NeuroVision helps to make sure that a live person is in front of the camera, while the decision about the customer remains yours.

  • Does not check voice and video calls

    Voice deepfakes, "director" calls and video meetings with a substituted participant are a different channel. The check works in the widget or through the API, not inside a video call.

  • Does not promise a hundred per cent

    Deepfake generators change faster than standards. Sessions with the status "suspicious" need to be reviewed manually, and the scenario revised based on the statistics of refusals and errors in the personal account.

  • Does not prove intent

    A Liveness refusal or signs of substitution on the selfie are a reason for a repeat check or review, not proof of fraud. An honest user can also fail the check in poor light or with an old camera.

How a business can build protection against deepfakes beyond onboarding — in the article «What is a deepfake: how it works and how to protect yourself».
If a customer does not pass Liveness, advise them: good light, the whole face in the frame, no glasses with glare, tasks done as shown on the screen.

How much a face check with Liveness and deepfake detection costs

No subscription fee: you pay for the KYC sessions carried out. A selfie and Liveness cost the same in the package — the mode is selected in the scenario.

  • Face substitution protection

    Document + liveness

    from 29 ₽ per session

    Calculate the cost

    Document recognition and anti-fraud, selfie or Liveness, a selfie check for signs of deepfake and filming from a screen, face matching within the session. At 10 000 sessions a year — 33 ₽, and the price falls as volume grows.

  • Extended

    on request

    Get a quote

    Everything from the "Document + liveness" package plus checks against Russian databases in one session. The composition and price are tailored to your volume.

Prices follow the price matrix on the publication date. Test access — 1 month.

Integration: widget, REST API or KYC link

The face check runs in the NeuroVision cloud or in your own perimeter. The scenario, the Liveness mode and the selfie checks are changed in the personal account without development.

Widget for a website and an app

The ready-made widget captures the document, selfie and Liveness with the camera, shows hints and retry prompts. It works in browsers on a computer and a phone, and in a mobile app — through a WebView or the system browser. The logo, colours, texts and the colour of the Liveness mask can be customised. Web SDK documentation

  • Camera capture only in the widget
  • Result in the webhook and the API
  • Liveness mode in the scenario
  • Cloud or your own perimeter

Terms of connection

1-month test, a personal manager, support under contract, payment per session.

PAD, injection, face swap: a glossary of deepfake protection

Terms from standards, API documentation and scenario settings.

Liveness
A check that a live person, not a photo, a recording or a mask, is in front of the camera. In the standards — part of presentation attack detection.
Liveness detection
Presentation attack
An attempt to fool the camera with an artefact: a printout, a screen, a mask.
Presentation attack
PAD
Presentation attack detection. Testing and reporting methods are described by ISO/IEC 30107-3.
Presentation attack detection
Injection attack
Feeding a ready-made image or video into the check bypassing the camera — through a virtual camera, an emulator or video stream interception.
Injection attack
Deepfake
An image or video in which the face is created or altered by a neural network. More in the article on deepfakes.
Deepfake
Face swap
Replacing a face in the frame with someone else's, including in real time during filming.
Face swap
Replay attack
Replaying a recorded video of a person in front of the camera.
Replay attack
APCER and BPCER
Two errors in PAD testing: the share of attacks taken for a live face and the share of live people rejected as an attack.
Spoofing
A general term for attempts to pass oneself off as another person before a biometric system.
Spoofing
UBS
The Unified Biometric System: the state biometrics database for remote identification. NeuroVision is not connected to it.
Unified Biometric System

Licences and certificates

Innovation Promotion Foundation

The project «Development of a multimodal system using artificial intelligence "Neuromed" for managing the diagnostic processes of a clinic on the basis of the "Neurovision" computer vision platform» is supported by the Innovation Promotion Foundation within the federal project «Domestic Solutions»

We will choose a deepfake protection scenario for your service

Tell us where you check faces and how many sessions you run per month — we will suggest the Liveness mode and selfie checks, and give you test access.

Can't put your request into words? Book a call and our team will contact you at a convenient time

Book a call

The company is included in the register of IT companies and the register of personal data operators of the Russian Ministry of Digital Development.

Address: Moscow, Presnenskaya Embankment 12 — Moscow City business centre, Federation Tower. Nearest metro stations: Delovoy Tsentr and Mezhdunarodnaya.

Frequently asked questions about deepfake protection in verification

Put a multi-layer face check into the scenario: Liveness, a selfie check for signs of generation, face swapping and filming from a screen, and face matching between the session steps. Capture only with the camera through the widget, limit the session lifetime and review manually the sessions with the status "suspicious".

A photo or recording is shown to the camera as it is, and it has no live movement or depth. A deepfake is a face created or replaced by a neural network, sometimes in real time, so it can "blink" and turn its head. What a deepfake is and how it is made — in the blog article.

A separate check looks on the selfie for signs that the face was generated or replaced by a neural network. If it triggers, the step fails with the code "the face shows signs of generation or swapping", and the result is visible in the API and in the session card. Liveness and face matching between steps work alongside it.

Not completely: Liveness is built against attacks that are shown to the camera, while a virtual camera substitutes the stream itself. The widget's restrictions work against it — camera-only capture, HTTPS only and allowed domains, a short session lifetime — together with control on your side. Details of the attacks — in the article on video stream substitution.

For high-risk operations — active: a pre-prepared video has a harder time guessing the tasks. Passive is more convenient for the user and gives fewer refusals; it is used for sign-up with low limits. The mode is set in the scenario and changed without development.

No. In the widget the selfie and Liveness are captured by the camera at the moment of the check, and a file cannot be picked from the gallery. Ready-made images are accepted only by the REST API, and your server controls that channel.

The document, anti-fraud and selfie check take seconds. With Liveness — from a few seconds to a minute: the time depends on how quickly the user completes the tasks.

Review it manually. The status means, for example, that different people appear in Liveness and on the selfie; such a session is closed immediately. Look at the images and the recording of the check, if it is enabled, and decide according to your own rules. It is a signal, not proof of fraud.

Decide this with a lawyer before launch. Liveness and face comparison are the processing of a face image; 152‑FZ requires written consent to the processing of biometric data, and 572‑FZ restricts the processing of biometrics outside the Unified Biometric System for identification and authentication. The text of the consent is prepared by your company as the personal data operator.

No. Remote identification under 115‑FZ goes through the state services portal and the Unified Biometric System, and NeuroVision is not connected to it. Liveness and the selfie check help to make sure that the document is presented by a live person and not a forgery. How the Unified Biometric System works — in the article.

There is no separate law as of October 2026. Theft with the help of a deepfake is classified as fraud (Art. 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and related articles), and the use of someone else's image without consent violates Art. 152.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Draft laws on an aggravating circumstance and an aggravating feature have been submitted to the State Duma but not adopted.

The "Document + liveness" package — from 29 ₽ per KYC session, at 10 000 sessions a year — 33 ₽. There is no subscription fee, and a selfie and Liveness cost the same. The package with database checks — on request.